Conditional Sentence Type 1
→ It is possible and also very likely that the condition will be fulfilled. Form: if + Simple Present, Simple future tense
Example:
1. If I find her address, I’ll send her an invitation.
The main clause can also be at the beginning of the sentence. In this case, don't use a comma.
Example:
2. I will send her an invitation if I find her address.
Note: Main clause and / or if clause might be negative.
Example:
3. If I don’t see him this afternoon, I will phone him in the evening.
Use
Conditional Sentences Type I refer to the future. An action in the
future will only happen if a certain condition is fulfilled by that
time. We don't know for sure whether the condition actually will be
fulfilled or not, but the conditions seems rather realistic – so we
think it is likely to happen.
Example: 4. If I find her address, I’ll send her an invitation.
I want to send an invitation to a friend. I just have to find her address. I am quite sure, however, that I will find it.
I know John very well and I know that he earns a lot of money and that he loves Ferraris. So I think it is very likely that sooner or later he will have the money to buy a Ferrari.
Other examples:
6. If Dena and Susan prepare the salad, Erna will decorate the house.
7. Joko will hoover the sitting room if Ahmad and Tedi move the furniture.
8. Elly will buy the drinks if somebody helps her carry the bottles.
9. Alan will mix the drinks if Ria gives him some of her cocktail recipes.
10. If Brian looks after the barbecue, Sandra will let the guests in.
Conditional Sentence Type 2
→ It is possible but very unlikely, that the condition will be fulfilled.Form: if + Simple Past, Past future tense
Example: 1. If I found her address, I would send her an invitation.
Form
if + Simple Past, Past future tense
Example: 2. If I found her address, I would send her an invitation.
The main clause can also be at the beginning of the sentence. In this case, don't use a comma.
Example: 3. I would send her an invitation if I found her address.
Example: 4. If I had a lot of money, I wouldn’t stay here.
Were instead of Was
In IF Clauses Type II, we usually use ‚were‘ – even if the pronoun is I, he, she or it –.
Example: 5. If I were you, I would not do this.
Use
Conditional Sentences Type II refer to situations in the present. An action could happen if the present situation were different. I don't really expect the situation to change, however. I just imagine „what would happen if …“
Example: 5. If I found her address, I would send her an invitation.
I would like to send an invitation to a friend. I
have looked everywhere for her address, but I cannot find it. So now I
think it is rather unlikely that I will eventually find her address.
Example: 6. If John had the money, he would buy a Ferrari.
I know John very well and I know that he doesn't
have much money, but he loves Ferraris. He would like to own a Ferrari
(in his dreams). But I think it is very unlikely that he will have the
money to buy one in the near future.
Other examples:
7. If I
played the lottery, I
would have a chance to hit the jackpot.
8. If I
hit the jackpot, I
would be rich.
9. If I
were rich, my life
would change completely.
10. I
would buy a lonely island, if I
found a nice one.
Conditional Sentence Type 3
→ It is impossible that the condition will be fulfilled because it refers to the past.Form: if + Past Perfect, Past future perfect tense
Example: 1. If I had found her address, I would have sent her an invitation.
Form
if + Past Perfect, Past future perfect tense
Example: 2. If I had found her address, I would have sent her an invitation.
The main clause can also be at the beginning of the sentence. In this case, don't use a comma.
Example: 3. I would have sent her an invitation if I had found her address.
Example: 4. If I hadn’t studied, I wouldn’t have passed my exams.
Use
Conditional Sentences Type III refer to situations in the past. An action could have happened in the past if a certain condition had been fulfilled. Things were different then, however. We just imagine, what would have happened if the situation had been fulfilled.
Example: 5. If I had found her address, I would have sent her an invitation.
Sometime in the past, I wanted to send an invitation
to a friend. I didn't find her address, however. So in the end I didn't
send her an invitation.
Example: 6. If John had had the money, he would have bought a Ferrari.
I knew John very well and I know that he never had
much money, but he loved Ferraris. He would have loved to own a Ferrari,
but he never had the money to buy one.
Other examples:
7. If the referee
had seen the foul, he
would have awarded a penalty kick to our team.
8. If the midfielders
had passed the ball more exactly, our team
would have had more chances to attack.
9. If the forwards
had been more clinical in front of the goal, they
would have scored more goals.
10. Their motivation
would have improved if they
had scored a goal during the first half.
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